Validity and enforceability of oral trusts of land

National Iranian Oil Company and Another v Crescent Gas Corporation Ltd [2025] EWCA Civ 1211

The Court of Appeal’s decision in National Iranian Oil Company and Another v Crescent Gas Corporation Ltd [2025] EWCA Civ 1211 raises important considerations on the scope of section 53(1)(b) LPA and the consequences of non-compliance in the context of insolvency proceedings.

Ownership Arrangements, Trustee Powers, Duties and Management, From the Courts, Legal Practice

Conflicts of interest and executor removal

In this case HHJ Paul Matthews, sitting as a Judge of the High Court, dismissed the appeal of Julian Fernandez against an order removing him as executor of the estates of his parents and as a trustee of a lifetime trust his parents had executed.

Family Issues, Formalities and Amendment, Trusts, Trustee Powers, Duties and Management, Legal Practice

IHT – When does the seven-year period start?

One of the most basic Inheritance Tax mitigation strategies is to make a Potentially Exempt Transfer  and to survive for seven years. It is generally well understood that if there is a reservation of benefit, the seven-year survival period will not start running until the reservation of benefit is removed.

Taxation, IHT

Procedural concerns for trust accounting

This article considers two recent judgments given after the taking of trust accounts. The first is Master Marsh’s decision in Hubbard v Hubbard [2025] EWHC 855 (Ch). The second, Master McQuail’s judgment in Walker v Somboonsarn [2025] EWHC 1643 (Ch). These judgments offer rare guidance into the practice on the taking of an account.

Briefing, Family Issues, Trusts, Trustee Powers, Duties and Management

What’s the damage?

The recent decision of Costs Judge Brown in Reeves v Frain and Others [2025] EWHC 185 (SCCO) (“the Costs Judgment”) is a timely reminder for contentious probate litigators to consider their funding arrangements and retainers with care.

Briefing, Family Issues, Formalities and Amendment, Legal Practice

Third party disclosure in IHTA claims

In the present case the probate valuation was outdated and unreliable, with the company controlled by family members (with their own interests), reluctant to provide the information necessary for a proper valuation. The question arose: could the court compel disclosure from the company to enable proper valuation, or did the parties have to proceed with inadequate information?

Wills and Estates, Construction and Validity, Family Issues, Taxation and Valuation, Ownership Arrangements

Despite MS word, “matrimonialisation” is still in the dictionary

This important appeal arose out of proceedings brought under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 for the division of assets upon divorce. In determining the fair outcome to which the parties are entitled, several guiding principles have been developed. One of those principles is the sharing principle, pursuant to which property is classified as either matrimonial or non-matrimonial and such of the property as is deemed to be matrimonial is shared, usually but not invariably on an equal basis. This was the issue with which this appeal was concerned.

Family Issues, Ownership Arrangements, Legal Practice

Settlor’s intentions and inadequate deliberation

The Privy Council in Ashley Dawson-Damer v Grampian Trust Company Ltd and Another [2025] UKPC 32 has unanimously dismissed the appeal of Mrs Ashley Dawson-Damer from the Bahamian Court of Appeal.

Wills and Estates, Construction and Validity, Trusts, Trustee Powers, Duties and Management

A decision worth “noticing”

Notice is a familiar and important concept to trust lawyers. Paradigmatically, it is a key component of the defence of bona fide purchaser without notice, which determines whether a person takes a legal property interest subject to, or free from, an equity or equitable proprietary interest of another.

Real Estate, Ownership Arrangements, Trusts, From the Courts, Legal Practice

When is property held in offshore settlements subject to the relevant property regime?

The appellant was the trustee of a settlement known as the Tiodab Trust (the “Trust”). The dispute related to whether Inheritance Tax was payable on the Trust’s 10th anniversary.

Taxation, IHT, Trusts

Profit from folly, don’t participate in it

The “profit rule” is the latest equitable principle to be given a firm shake by those who favour the supposed predictability of common law principles.

Taxation, Wills and Estates

Accessing health records

It is often desirable to obtain copies of a deceased person’s health records for the purpose of advising on the merits of a potential probate claim as defined by CPR 57.1(2)(a).

Family Issues, From the Courts, Legal Practice

Funeral disputes

On 12 March 2025, HHJ Matthews (sitting as a judge of the High Court) handed down judgment in Patel v Patel [2025] EWHC 560 (Ch). The claim involved a dispute as to the funeral arrangements for Bhikhubhai Patel (“Mr Patel”), who died in December 2024 without leaving clear instructions as to his funeral wishes.

Family Issues, From the Courts

Agreements between beneficiaries and the forfeiture rule

A recent unreported decision of the High Court provides helpful clarity in relation to the effectiveness of agreements between beneficiaries in estates affected by the forfeiture rule, such as in cases involving assisted dying.

Wills and Estates, Construction and Validity, Formalities and Amendment, Ownership Arrangements

Are these the “forgeries of jealousy”?

The recent decision of Caroline Shea KC (sitting as a Deputy High Court Judge) in Khatun v Hasan and Another [2025] EWHC 1658 is a rare example of a successful challenge to a will based on an allegation of forgery.

Wills and Estates, Construction and Validity, Family Issues, Ownership Arrangements